Electrical wiring in the bathroom - all the nuances of proper installation

Electrical wiring in the bathroom requires professional knowledge and skills, so if you are familiar with electricity only at a domestic level, it is better to entrust all work related to it to professionals who are knowledgeable in their field. However, even if you entrust the organization of electrical wiring to professionals, it is useful to know about the most important aspects and the main stages of this work in order to further be confident in your own safety and the safety of your family. After all, electricity in the case of any malfunction can cause a breakdown of household appliances, and in the worst case - cause serious damage to health. If you want to make electrical wiring with your own hands, study this issue in detail. In this article, we have tried to summarize all the information on this topic.

In the bathroom, due to the close proximity to water, the danger of electricity increases tenfold. That is why it is so important to organize electrical wiring in the bathroom according to all the rules.

Begin the installation of electrical wiring, as a rule, with a plan of the room. With this work, you may well be able to cope on your own. Specialists use special computer programs to create wiring diagrams, but novice masters will be more convenient to do it the old-fashioned way: with a simple pencil on paper. With a construction tape measure, make all the necessary measurements and draw a simplified drawing of the bathroom, not forgetting to indicate the location of doors, sewer pipes, etc.

Next, you need to think about the location of furniture and plumbing fixtures, because in relation to these elements of the interior we will choose a place for outlets.

To make sure that the bathroom walls were not completely dotted with outlets, it is better to buy a double one. This approach will not only save space, but also require less physical effort, because under each outlet in the wall is necessary to punch a hole, and it is - hard and dirty work.

You should also think about lighting: decide how many lighting fixtures there will be in the bathroom and where they will be located. There are many options: it can be classic ceiling, wall and floor lights, LED lighting or something else. The source of light can be one or several. The main condition is that all of them should be waterproof. In addition, provide a place for ventilation and choose a way to connect it.

The next stage is the selection of materials and equipment. Make a shopping list (the number of components will depend on the size of the bathroom and the number of electrical appliances installed in the room):

• Three-core copper power cable. For different equipment cross section of wiring should be different. For example, to connect household appliances need a cable with a cross section of 4 mm.kV, for sockets - 2.5 mm.kV, and for lighting - 15 mm.kV. Experts recommend opting for imported cables NYM or domestic VVGng;
• Set of dowel clamps. These mounts are used to mount electrical wires to the wall;
• Sockets and switches. When buying, pay special attention to their characteristics: they must have the appropriate protection class against moisture and dust, they are designated by marking the type IPXX, where the first number is the dust protection class, and the second - moisture protection class. The sockets must be equipped with a special cover.
• Moisture-resistant fixtures. Protection class is indicated by the same marking as on the sockets.
• Power cable PV-3.Required for equipotential bonding system.

Electrical wiring, laid in the bathroom must meet several important requirements. You can not worry about safety if:

• electrical wires are carried out in a concealed way;
• RCD installed on the wiring;
• All electrical appliances are grounded;
• There are no switches or switchboards in the bathroom;
• the sockets are rated at least IPX4 for moisture protection;
• the sockets are installed at least 60 cm away from water sources;
• all connections and wiring have been made outside the room, without the use of terminals,
• a circuit breaker must be installed in the bathroom where there are powerful electrical appliances (for example, a washing machine or a boiler).

Particular attention should be paid to the organization of the grounding. If your house was built in the XXI century, this point is likely to have been taken into account by the builders. If you live in an older house, you will have to take care of the grounding of the devices yourself. It is very easy to do - through the electrical panel located in the stairwell.

Some people ground equipment in a very risky way - through the batteries or the sewer riser. Such an ill-considered decision can cost lives, because we do not know in what condition the pipes outside our apartment are. Installation of electrical wiring - this is the case when it is better to follow the proven way, rather than look for original solutions.

• To begin with, it is necessary to prepare recesses in the walls for laying electrical wires and outlets. To do this, use a perforator to hollow out the grooves for wires (stroe) and sockets for sockets and junction boxes. This is done in accordance with the plan drawn up at the initial stage of the work.
• Next, are installed in place junction boxes and junction boxes. Wires are inserted into the trenches and secured with dowel clamps or cement mortar. The ends of the electrical wires are connected to the socket, not forgetting to protect the insulation beforehand.
• The next step is to install the sockets. Specialists recommend fixing the visible parts of the outlets after finishing work, so as not to stain them with building materials.
• Then connect the fuse box and the circuit breaker to the wiring. Proper installation is checked with a multimeter - a device that can detect the presence of a short circuit.
• If everything is in order, you can close the gutters with a plaster mixture or Rothband.

• When buying electrical cables, pay attention to the material of which they are made. It is preferable to use copper cables rather than aluminum ones because they will last much longer. It is unacceptable to combine copper and aluminum wires. It is also recommended to check the cross-sectional area of the cable before buying - the dimensions indicated on the package do not always correspond to reality.
• It is necessary to choose high-quality equipment. Circuit breakers and RCDs from proven manufacturers using good materials are usually more expensive, but in operation they fully justify their price. Experts advise you to avoid electronics and buy mechanical circuit breakers. They are more reliable because they do not need their own power source.
• If you are renewing the wiring in the whole house, it is better to entrust the connection to the meter to the energy company. Firstly, it is safer, and secondly, it will save you the trouble of sealing the meter in the future.

So, the installation of electrical wiring - this is a very important stage of bathroom renovation, as the safety of people living in the apartment depends on how well the work is done. Therefore, it is so important to choose the right materials and equipment, to take all necessary safety measures and to act in compliance with all recommendations.